Benefit-harm trade-offs of intensive blood pressure control versus standard blood pressure control on cardiovascular and renal outcomes: an individual participant data analysis of randomised controlled trials

The initial dataset included 80 676 participants, of whom 80 220 were included in our analyses (intensive blood pressure control group n=40 503; standard blood pressure control group n=39 717). The median age was 64·0 years (IQR 59·0-70·0), 39 043 (48·7%) participants were male, and 41 177 (51·3%) were female. Compared with standard blood pressure control, intensive blood pressure control provides a net benefit between the reduction in cardiovascular events and the increase in adverse events, including renal events.